حتماً با کشت بدون خاک یا هیدروونیک آشنا شدید؟ یا شاید محصولات آنرا مثل خیار درختی، توت فرنگی برخی گلها و ... را دیده باشید یا استفاده نموده باشید.آبکشت يا هیدروپونیک روش نويني براي پرورش گياهان است که در آن خاک زراعي بکار نمي رود. پايه و اساس اين تکنيک عبارت است از تغذيه گياه در محلولي که کليه عناصر غذايي لازم و اساسي گياه در آن وجود دارد. ريشه گياه ممکن است يا مستقيما در محلول غذايي  يا در بستري از مواد خنثي که آغشته به محلول غذايي است قرار گيرد. فن کشت بدون خاک عناوين مختلفي دارد، آبکشت يا هايدروپونيک، هوا کشت معلق، کشت در مايع يا هايدروکالچر، آبکشت به معناي عام خود شامل همه روشهايي است که در آنها از خاک استفاده نمي شود و آب در يک زمان هم منبع مواد غذايي و هم وسيله انتقال آن به گياه بشمار مي رود و باين ترتيب همه عناوين فوق را در بر مي گيرد. لفظ هايدروپونيک در اصل از کلمه يوناني (پونس) به معناي (کار) مشتق شده است و به معناي چيزي است که با آب کار مي کند و در فارسي اصطلاحات آبکشت خوانده مي شود. ولي در عمل، آبکشت اختصاصا به يکي از روشهاي کشت بدون خاک گفته مي شود که در آن گياهان در بستري از مواد خنثي که آغشته به محلول غذايي است پرورش مي يابند در حاليکه بستر به زمين متکي است. حال که کمی با یان مقوله آشنا شدید بد نیست به چند سایت در این زمینه نگاهی بیاندازیم البته همه انگلیسی هستند:

How-To Hydroponics

Good information on what hydroponics is, why it works, and why bother with it. "Do It Yourself" has links to more information on why hydroponics is cool, a database of information on different plants, and more useful stuff. This site is trying to sell you a book on hydroponics, which detracts from its usefulness.

Home Grown Hydroponics

Lots of information about the whole process of hydroponics. Includes a recipe for making a nutrient solution. This site also has a message board and a web ring, which might be useful.

CEA Hydroponic Lettuce Production

Everything you ever wanted to know about growing lettuce hydroponically. Complete handbook for lettuce production. This site has loads of information (perhaps too much) and links to lots of different sites, but it's hard to know which sites are useful because they don't have descriptions.

Grow Your Own Vegetables Without Soil

Good overview of hydroponics with background information, different types of hydroponic systems, and instructions on how to make a hydroponic system work. Includes a recipe for nutrient solution.

Hydroponics Resource Center for Inexpensive Hydroponic Startups

This site is geared toward somebody doing hydroponics for profit. But it has good information about why you should do hydroponics, what the advantages are, different kinds of plants to grow, specific instructions, and more. Includes Ten Reasons You Should Be Interested in Hydroponics.

Growing Edge: Hydroponic Basics

This highly useful site has lots and lots of information, including a tutorial, plans, tips, and a glossary. It tells you everything you need to know about getting started with hydroponics. This web site, while affiliated with commercial hydroponic companies, is actually for a hydroponics magazine.

Hydroponics: The Basics

This helpful introductory site has good information on the whole process: why you should do hydroponics, anchorage, food, pH, oxygen, etc. Includes recipes for nutrient solutions for different plants. Very useful, very well-designed, and easy to understand.

HydroSun Plant Stand

This site is useful if you are looking to buy a plant stand for hydroponics. It also might be good to look at if you are making your own plant stand.

Greenhouse and Hydroponic Vegetable Production

Lots of links on this page, including general hydroponic resources and resources for growing different vegetables, including tomatoes, spinach, lettuce, and pak choi.

Basic Hydroponic Information

An easy to read, well designed page with information about lighting, nutrients, set-ups, and other aspects of hydroponic gardening.

An Online Hydroponics Class

This incredibly useful site has step-by-step instructions for every phase of making a hydroponic garden. It has lots of detail and is easy to understand (it is geared for younger kids).

http://www.hydroponics.com/

http://www.hydroponicdesigns.com.au

Starting Out Help with getting started NASA Quest - farming in space Join One of the First International Space Station Space Biology Investigations! The ISS ChallengeT project invites K-12 teachers and students to participate in a cross-school, International Space Station (ISS) plant science investigation. StudyWeb StudyWeb provides links to educational pages about greenhouse / hydroponic production. History of Hydroponics About the past, present and future of hydroponics Hydroponics as a Hobby A circular issued by the University of Illinois in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Plant disease facts Fact sheets of the most common plant diseases. Australian Correspondence Schools Offering courses in hydroponics! (& more) NASA Spacelink An Aeronautics & Space Resource for Educators

Aquatics DaGunk! A private, aquatic, homepage with beautiful pictures and information. The 'Aquatic Library' is a site where people are trying to 'improve the aquarium and aquaculture industries with accurate and timely information'. This is a great info site!! http://www.hydroponicdesigns.com.au

AHGA ONLINE - The Australian Hydroponic & Greenhouse Association

The AHGA is the national body for hydroponics in Australia, this site has just been completed and provides an overview of the AHGA's activities. click here

HFF ONLINE - The Hydroponic Farmers Federation

The HFF is the industry body for hydroponics in Victoria, the site is a great source of objective and non-biased information on the industry. click here

PRACTICAL HYDROPONICS AND GREENHOUSES - Magazine

A magazine site for the Practical Hydroponics and Greenhouses, this magazine is one of the best for growers. click here

Hydroponic Salts

• Mix Your Own Hydroculture Solution
• Color Photos of Mineral Deficient Plants - 114 Photos ~ 1 meg.
• Urea - Natural or Synthetic; Perfect for Organic Gardens
• Potassiun Nitrate
• Potassium Phosphate
• Potassium Chloride
• Tricalicum Phosphate
• Calcium Nitrate
• Calcium Chlorate
• Calcium Chloride
• Magnesium Sulfate
• Magnesium Nitrate
• Magnesium Biphosphate
• Ferric Ammonium Citrate
• Ferric Citrophosphate
• Potassium Permanganate
• Manganese Sulfate
• Copper Sulfate
• Zinc Sulfate
• Zinc Nitrate
• Boric Acid
• Molybdic Acid
• Sodium Molybdate
• Cobalt Chloride
• Cobalt Sulfate
• Nickel Ammonium Sulfate
• Potassium Iodide
• Sodium Chloride
• Potassium Chromate
• Barium Chloride
• Vanadyl Sulfate
• Selenious Acid
• Stannous Chloride
• Lithium Citrate
• Ammonia Nitrate
• Uroxin - Root Growth Hormone
• Water - The Most Universal Solvent
• Carbon Dioxide
• Alphabetical Life Science Element List
• Nutrient Soultion for Testing Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
• Sample Soil Test Print Out - Madison Soil Test Lab

• Holistic Gardening --- Looking at the Whole Picture.
• Sample Hydroculture Solution

---

Atoms That Are Important In Our Bio-Life Cycle

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Potassium Phosphorus Calcium

Chrome Magnesium Sulfur Cobalt Iron Manganese Copper Sodium

Molybdenum Boron Tin Iodine Chlorine Selenium Lithium Vanadium

Germanium Silicon Nickel Zink Gallium Flourine

***TOXIC***Toxic Elements***TOXIC***

Tortoise Shell Web Page Titles - Hydroponic Salts - Miscellaneous Topics - Bio-Atoms

---

Miscellaneous

Important Elements - Chemical Symbols in Alphabetical Order

Laughter Is The Best Medicine - by Feebee A Clown

Anxiety of Dementia: Use of Rocking Chairs helps

Friendly Bacteria Cuts Salmonella in Chickens

Johne's Disease - Paratuberculosis in Cattle

Medicine Reactions a Leading Cause of Death

Doctors Often Pass Over Older, Proven Drugs for Newer Ones

Widespread Vitamin D   Deficiencies are Found Among Older Adults

Organic Digesters - Recycling Your Hydroponic Salts

Learn the Rules about Plurals and Apostrophes - by Stephen Wilbers

Special "Thoughts by Prema Mata" - The Higher Self, United in Love

Ode to a Sun Powered Home - Poem by Tommy Cichanowski

Natural & Tempered Musical Scales - Scientific vs Today's A-440

Talking, Singing to Baby is Vital to Brain Development - Very Important

Tailoring Learning to "kids" - Reviewed by Jane Resh Thomas

Outsmarting Children - by Linda Lewis Griffith

Our Need for Light - SAD, "Winter Blues", Depression; More Light Can Help

New Efficient Solar Cells - 80% cells & new motors will yield 1 hp/sq. m.

A Little Lithium - Just What the Doctor Ordered - Should Order! But, Only a Little!

ADHD - Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - Lithium Connection ?

Our Body's Heart

Antibiotics are the Best way to Fight Ulcers - Bacteria ... cause of ulcers

Selenium Background - by Mark F. McCarty, Ph.D

Selenium & Cancer - Selenium May Help Prevent Certain Types of Cancer

Selenium Index - Nutrition Research Resources

Heavy Metal Toxicology - by Dr. Theodore B. Hoekman

Osteoporsis - The American Dietetic Association

Hg/Ag Amalgam Dental Fillings - Excerpts from memo by Kip Sullivan

Chromium Background - by Barry Mennen, M.D.

Aspirin - by Perscription Only - Refused letter to the editor by TRC

Enzymes - You are what you Digest - from Vitality Unlimited Newsletter

Heart Differences: Obscure Enzyme May Explain Mystery - Hepatic Lipase

Fatal Fritos - Addicted Deer are Dying - Are We That Much Different ?

Food Allergies & Intolerances - ADA: Nutrition Fact Sheet

Milk Isn’t Good For Everyone

Too Much of 1 Type of Vitamin E is Harmful - Needs Balance with 2nd Form

Kidney Stones & Calcium - New Findings, by Gordon Slovut

Aloe Vera - Collagen & Aging - from Vitality Unlimited Newsletter

E S C Stimulation Relieves Pain - Painful Diabetic Neuropathy

I'm Not Going to Get Sick this Winter! - from Vitality Unlimited Newsletter

Zinc Combats the Common Cold - and much much more

Drinkers' "kids" Show Attraction to Scent of Alcohol

Eco-Village - Guidelines for Creating Your Own Sustainable Community

George Washington Carver - Scientist & Mystic - by Mitchell B. Liester, M.D.

Nikola Tesla - The Man who invented the twentieth century

Organic Pest Control - L. M. English, U.N.M. Extension Entomologist

Low Cholesterol Eggs? - from Vitality Unlimited Newsletter

Oh, Beans ! - Rich in B vitamins. - from Vitality Unlimited Newsletter

Whiteflies - White sap-sucking insects can be controlled organically

Praying Mantis - Insect Controllers - Insects that have a voracious appetite

Earthworms - Soil Builders - The most perfect plant food known to man

Plants Produce "Polyester" - Geneticly Altered

Brain Scans Suggest Some Predisposed to Violence

Scientists Find That Theory of Big Bang is Constantly Shifting

Tommy's Shoe Box of Notes on Plants

Crop Index for Mineral Deficiency Photos
Apples Barley Beans Berries Broccoli Brussels Sprouts Cabbage Carrots Cauliflower Celery Cherry Clover	Flax Hops Kale Lettuce Maize Mangold Oats Onion Parsnip Pear Peas Plum	Potatoes Radish Rape Rye Spinach Sugar Beet Swede Table Beets       Tomatoes Turnips Wheat
The Book

 http://www.luminet.net/~wenonah/hydro/makhydro.htm